Apa itu GitHub Actions?

GitHub Actions adalah platform CI/CD bawaan GitHub. Workflow didefinisikan dalam file YAML di .github/workflows/.

Konsep Utama

• Workflow — Satu proses otomasi (file YAML)
• Event/Trigger — Apa yang memicu workflow (push, PR, schedule)
• Job — Sekelompok step yang jalan di satu runner
• Step — Satu perintah atau action
• Action — Komponen reusable (dari marketplace atau custom)

Workflow Pertama

# .github/workflows/ci.yml
name: CI

on:
  push:
    branches: [main]
  pull_request:
    branches: [main]

jobs:
  test:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
      - name: Checkout code
        uses: actions/checkout@v4

      - name: Setup Node.js
        uses: actions/setup-node@v4
        with:
          node-version: 20
          cache: npm

      - name: Install dependencies
        run: npm ci

      - name: Run linter
        run: npm run lint

      - name: Run tests
        run: npm test

Environment Variables & Secrets

jobs:
  deploy:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    env:
      NODE_ENV: production
    steps:
      - name: Deploy
        env:
          API_KEY: ${{ secrets.API_KEY }}
        run: |
          echo "Deploying with key: $API_KEY"

Caching Dependencies

- name: Cache node_modules
  uses: actions/cache@v4
  with:
    path: node_modules
    key: ${{ runner.os }}-node-${{ hashFiles('package-lock.json') }}