Audit Trail

Audit trail adalah catatan semua perubahan yang terjadi pada data. Penting untuk compliance, debugging, dan memahami riwayat data.

Implementasi Audit Trail

CREATE TABLE audit_logs (
    id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY,
    table_name VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL,
    record_id INT NOT NULL,
    action VARCHAR(10) NOT NULL, -- INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE
    old_values JSONB,
    new_values JSONB,
    user_id INT,
    created_at TIMESTAMP DEFAULT NOW()
);

-- Contoh data audit
-- | action | table  | record_id | old_values           | new_values           |
-- | UPDATE | users  | 1         | {"name": "Budi"}     | {"name": "Budi S."}  |
-- | DELETE | posts  | 5         | {"title": "Draft"}   | null                 |

Trigger-based Audit

-- PostgreSQL trigger untuk audit otomatis
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION audit_trigger()
RETURNS TRIGGER AS $
BEGIN
    INSERT INTO audit_logs (table_name, record_id, action, old_values, new_values)
    VALUES (
        TG_TABLE_NAME,
        COALESCE(NEW.id, OLD.id),
        TG_OP,
        row_to_json(OLD),
        row_to_json(NEW)
    );
    RETURN NEW;
END;
$ LANGUAGE plpgsql;

CREATE TRIGGER users_audit
AFTER INSERT OR UPDATE OR DELETE ON users
FOR EACH ROW EXECUTE FUNCTION audit_trigger();

Event Sourcing

Event sourcing menyimpan setiap event yang terjadi, bukan state akhir. State direkonstruksi dengan "replay" semua event.

-- Event store
CREATE TABLE events (
    id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY,
    aggregate_type VARCHAR(100),
    aggregate_id INT,
    event_type VARCHAR(100),
    payload JSONB,
    created_at TIMESTAMP DEFAULT NOW()
);

-- Contoh events untuk Order #1:
-- OrderCreated  → {"total": 100000}
-- ItemAdded     → {"product": "Laptop", "qty": 1}
-- PaymentMade   → {"amount": 100000, "method": "transfer"}
-- OrderShipped  → {"tracking": "JNE123"}

Audit Trail vs Event Sourcing

• Audit Trail — melengkapi CRUD biasa, simpan snapshot perubahan
• Event Sourcing — menggantikan CRUD, state = replay events. Lebih powerful tapi lebih kompleks

Laravel: spatie/laravel-activitylog

Package spatie/laravel-activitylog mempermudah implementasi audit trail di Laravel. Cukup tambahkan trait LogsActivity pada model, dan setiap perubahan otomatis tercatat.